= John Bardeen
{c}
{tag=Physicist}
{title2=1908–1991}
= J. Bardeen
{c}
{synonym}
<John Bardeen> and <Walter Brattain> connected <semiconductor> surface behavior with the operation of the <point-contact transistor>. Carrier injection near closely spaced contacts allowed a small input to control a larger electrical response, making amplification possible in a solid-state device.<The Transistor, A Semi-Conductor Triode by John Bardeen and Walter Houser Brattain>[Physical Review 74, 230 (1948), device operation]{ref}
He later coauthored <BCS theory>, in which a coherent paired-electron ground state explains central properties of conventional <superconductivity>. This links microscopic interactions with an excitation gap and collective magnetic and thermal response.<Theory of Superconductivity by John Bardeen and others>[Physical Review 108, 1175 (1957), microscopic paired-state theory]{ref}
A <physicist>.https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1956/bardeen/biographical/?NMW_TRANS=ext[Independent professional profile]{ref}
\Image[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Bardeen.jpg]
{title=Portrait of <John Bardeen>}
{width=240}
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