= Lloyd Shapley
{c}
{title2=1923–2016}
{wiki}
= Lloyd S. Shapley
{c}
{synonym}
= L. S. Shapley
{c}
{synonym}
<Lloyd Shapley> was a <mathematician> whose work helped shape <game theory> and the mathematical study of matching markets. His research on <stable matching> with <David Gale> supplied an existence theorem and a constructive procedure, while the <Shapley value> gives a systematic way to allocate the value created by cooperation.https://www.math.ucla.edu/sites/default/files/newsletter/nl2016.pdf[UCLA Mathematics, Common Denominator, Fall 2016, p. 8, memorial]{ref} The <Shapley value> averages each participant's marginal contribution over all orders in which a group might form. This makes a fairness rule precise through <combinatorics>, rather than selecting a division solely by bargaining strength or an arbitrary order of arrival.
A <mathematician>.https://www.math.ucla.edu/sites/default/files/newsletter/nl2016.pdf[UCLA Mathematics, Common Denominator, Fall 2016, printed p. 8: joint appointments in mathematics and economics; 1923–2016]{ref}
\Image[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Lloyd%20Shapley%201%202012.jpg?width=250]
{title=Portrait of <Lloyd Shapley>}
{description=Bengt Nyman. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/[CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons.}
{source=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lloyd_Shapley_1_2012.jpg}
{width=250}
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