Locally uniform limit of univalent functions (source code)

= Locally uniform limit of univalent functions

A <locally uniform convergence> limit of <univalent functions> on a domain is either constant or univalent. For a nonconstant limit $f$, suppose distinct $x,y$ satisfy $f(x)=f(y)$. Choose a small closed disk around $x$ excluding $y$ with $f-f(y)$ nonzero on its boundary. The <Rouche theorem> then forces $f_j-f_j(y)$ to have a zero in that disk for large $j$, contradicting injectivity of $f_j$. This supplies the injectivity step in an extremal proof of the <Riemann mapping theorem> without assuming it as a special lemma.