= Longitudinal resistance in a Hall bar
Voltage contacts separated along the current direction measure longitudinal resistance, even when the device is called a <Hall bar>. For an approximately uniform rectangular strip, $R_{xx}\simeq\rho_{xx}L/W$. Transverse contacts measure $R_{xy}$ instead. <Shubnikov-de Haas effect> oscillations in $R_{xx}$ need not be Hall-resistance plateaus; in the integer <quantum Hall effect>, longitudinal minima accompany quantized transverse plateaus.
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