= Luminosity-distance ordering of flat dust-vacuum universes
At fixed positive <redshift>, intrinsic <luminosity> and present <Hubble constant>, a flat dust-vacuum model with $0<\Omega_{\Lambda0}<1$ has <luminosity distance> between those of an <Einstein-de Sitter universe> and pure positive vacuum. The <Hubble parameter> of the dust-only model is largest at every positive integration <redshift>; that of pure vacuum is smallest. Therefore $c(1+z)\int_0^z dz'/H(z')$ is smallest for dust alone and largest for pure vacuum. Received <radiative flux> has the reverse ordering. This compares physical distances rather than arbitrarily normalized <comoving coordinates>.
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