= M-theory origin of type IIA D-branes
{c}
<D0-branes> are circle momentum states, <D2-branes> are unwrapped <M2-branes>, <D4-branes> are circle-wrapped <M5-branes>, and <D6-branes> arise from <Kaluza-Klein monopoles> with the M-circle as fibre. Wrapped M2-branes give <fundamental strings>, and unwrapped M5-branes give <NS5-branes>. The <D8-brane> is a source for <Romans mass> and is outside this ordinary massless-circle dictionary. Tension matching uses $R_{11}=g_s\ell_s$ and $\ell_p^3=g_s\ell_s^3$.
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