Mach-Zehnder interferometer
= Mach-Zehnder interferometer
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{wiki=Mach–Zehnder_interferometer}
A <Mach-Zehnder interferometer> splits an incident wave into two arms and recombines them at a second <beam splitter>. A relative <quantum phase> changes the interference at its output ports. With symmetric lossless 50:50 splitters, the ports can be calibrated to have detection <probabilities> $\cos^2(\theta/2)$ and $\sin^2(\theta/2)$.
// Target: optics.bigb