= Magnetometry
<Magnetometry> measures <magnetic fields> or magnetic responses using a specified sensor and <calibration>. Different instruments respond to a field component, magnitude, gradient or <magnetic moment>.
A Hall sensor converts a transverse charge-deflection voltage into a field estimate; a fluxgate uses a driven magnetic core; an atomic magnetometer measures field-dependent <spin> dynamics. Sensitivity must be stated together with bandwidth and <measurement> <geometry>. A very small noise density does not alone establish absolute accuracy, because offsets, <calibration> and environmental fields can remain.
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