= Marginal increment of a set function
{title2=$\Delta_x f(S)=f(S\cup\{x\})-f(S)$}
= Marginal gain of a set function
{synonym}
= Marginal increment
{synonym}
The <marginal increment> measures how much a <set function> changes when one new element is added. Usually $x\notin S$ is required; if $x\in S$, the displayed difference is zero. The <marginal increments> of a <modular set function> depend only on $x$. The <marginal increments> of a <submodular set function> can only decrease as the input <subset> grows without acquiring $x$.
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