= Martin Seligman
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A researcher whose experiments helped establish <learned helplessness>. Work on <escape learning> compared <animals> with different histories of control over aversive events. The experiments made controllability, rather than exposure alone, central to interpreting later performance; extending this animal paradigm to human <depression> requires additional theory and evidence.<Failure to escape traumatic shock by Martin Seligman and others>[1967, behavioral experiments, pp. 1–9]{ref}
\Image[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Martin_Seligman_Philadelphia_2009.jpg?width=260]
{title=Portrait of <Martin Seligman>}
{description=D. Myles Cullen, U.S. Department of Defense; public domain in the United States as identified on the source page.}
{source=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Martin_Seligman_Philadelphia_2009.jpg}
{width=260}
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