Almost-primes from an upper-bound sieve and Buchstab identity Created 2026-09-28 Updated 2026-11-05
Let be a product of fixed pairwise nonproportional linear polynomials with positive integer leading coefficients. Assume admissibility: no prime number divides for every integer . There are constants such that, for all large , at least values have no prime factor of below . These are almost prime values with a bounded total number of prime factors, counted with multiplicity.
A rigorous positive count needs a lower-bound sieve input, obtainable from the fundamental lemma of sieve theory. If counts roots modulo squarefree , then the polynomial root density in a sieve gives . Take distribution level and sifting limit . The total remainder up to is , while Mertens' theorems give . Choosing sufficiently small makes the main-term error in the fundamental lemma of sieve theory less than half the main term, proving the lower count.[ref]
Since , each surviving nonzero value has at most prime factors, with multiplicity. The Buchstab identity organizes the removal of successive prime factors, and upper-bound sieves control removed terms; merely observing convergence of a prime tail does not establish that its subtraction leaves a positive main term.