= Miguel A. Quiñones
{c}
\b[Miguel A. Quiñones] is a <cardiologist> credited as chair and first author of the American Society of Echocardiography's 2002 recommendations on quantifying <Doppler echocardiography>. The primary report's byline gives his name and role, while its technical sections explain how acquisition methods determine the interpretation of recorded velocities.<Recommendations for Quantification of Doppler Echocardiography by Miguel A. Quiñones and others>[Printed p.167, chair/byline; General Principles]{ref}
The report distinguishes <pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography>, which selects a sampling region but has pulse-rate aliasing limits, from <continuous-wave Doppler echocardiography>, which records high velocities without unique depth localization. This distinction is central when turning a spectral envelope into a physiological estimate: the measured signal must correspond to the anatomical quantity used in the model.<Recommendations for Quantification of Doppler Echocardiography by Miguel A. Quiñones and others>[General Principles and PW/CW Doppler, pp.167–169]{ref}
An original sensitivity example illustrates another issue emphasized by the report. Under the simplified pressure-difference model $\Delta p\propto v^2$, a velocity underestimate by $10\%$ changes the calculated result by
$$
\frac{\widehat{\Delta p}}{\Delta p}=(0.90)^2=0.81.
$$
The derived pressure difference is underestimated by $19\%$, even before other model errors are considered. For a stipulated estimate of $36\,\mathrm{mmHg}$ at the true velocity, the underestimated velocity gives $29.16\,\mathrm{mmHg}$. These numbers illustrate the quadratic mapping rather than provide a clinical threshold or a patient result.
The report explicitly notes this amplification when discussing beam orientation and pressure estimates.<Recommendations for Quantification of Doppler Echocardiography by Miguel A. Quiñones and others>[Printed p.168, equation3 and angle-related errors]{ref} The contribution documented here is a practical, quantitative measurement framework. Reproducibly tracing a waveform and establishing the accuracy of a derived physiological value remain different tasks.
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