Hall subgroup existence in soluble groups 2026-10-07
Every finite soluble group has a Hall subgroup for each prime set. Induct on the group order using an elementary abelian minimal normal subgroup. In the coprime hard case, lift a minimal normal subgroup of the quotient, choose its Sylow subgroup, and apply the Frattini argument. A proper normalizer reduces the order; a normal Sylow subgroup allows induction in its quotient. This proves existence without assuming an independent complement theorem.
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2013 iii Paper 3 1 c Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-07
Let be a minimal normal subgroup. Its commutator subgroup is characteristic in , hence normal in . Minimality makes or . The latter would prevent the soluble group from having a terminating derived series, so and is abelian.
Choose a prime dividing . In a finite abelian group its Sylow -subgroup is characteristic, so minimal normality makes this subgroup all of . The subgroup is nontrivial, characteristic and hence normal in . Minimality again makes it all of . Thusan elementary abelian p-group. Both abelianness and minimal normality are essential to the two characteristic subgroup arguments.