Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2015 iii Paper 24 2 b i Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-06
For clarity, each is an ordered finite sequence. Its minimal walk along a club sequence is finite because its nodes strictly decrease until reaching , and an infinite strictly decreasing sequence of ordinals cannot exist. At a step from , unboundedness of supplies in .
Compare the two minimal walks along a club sequence to and to . As long as their current node is the same , their next nodes agree exactly when has no point in . At the first such point, the walk to moves towhereas the walk to stays at or above . If this does not occur before the second walk terminates, the first walk reaches with it and then makes its next step below .
Thus there is an index , possibly the terminal index of the walk to , withIt is unique: after this step the first walk stays below , so it can never again coincide with a node of the walk to . This is the first-divergence lemma for minimal walks.