Natural direct effect
= Natural direct effect
One natural direct effect is
$$
\mathbb E[Y(1,M(0))-Y(0,M(0))],
$$
which changes exposure while holding the mediator at its natural value under no exposure.
= Natural direct effect
One natural direct effect is
$$
\mathbb E[Y(1,M(0))-Y(0,M(0))],
$$
which changes exposure while holding the mediator at its natural value under no exposure.