Nobel Prize in Physics in 1964
= Nobel Prize in Physics in 1964
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One half went to <Charles Hard Townes>; the other half jointly to <Nicolay Gennadiyevich Basov> and <Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov>, for quantum-electronics work leading to oscillators and amplifiers using the <maser>-<laser> principle.<The Nobel Prize in Physics 1964 by Nobel Prize Outreach>[Individual official award summary: Townes one-half; Basov and Prokhorov one-quarter each; common quantum-electronics motivation.]{ref}