= Nobel Prize in Physics in 2009
{c}
One half went to <Charles Kuen Kao> for breakthroughs in transmitting light through <optical fibers> for communication. One quarter each went to <Willard S. Boyle> and <George E. Smith> for inventing the <charge-coupled device> imaging sensor.<The Nobel Prize in Physics 2009 by Nobel Prize Outreach>[Individual official 2009 summary: Kao one half for optical-fiber communication; Boyle and Smith one quarter each for the CCD imaging sensor.]{ref}
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