Number-difference shift identity
= Number-difference shift identity
{title2=$Xf(\Delta)=f(\Delta-2)X$}
For a hopping operator $X$ with $[\Delta,X]=2X$, spectral functions obey $Xf(\Delta)=f(\Delta-2)X$. The coefficient on the left of the hop is evaluated on the final state. This ordering determines the shifted energy denominator in virtual-hopping calculations.