= Solution
For the <absorption spectrum>, pass a scanned monochromatic beam through the solution and a matched solvent reference. Record the incident and transmitted intensities and calculate the <absorbance> $A(\lambda)=\log_{10}[I_0(\lambda)/I(\lambda)]$, using an appropriate blank and concentration to avoid saturation.
For the <fluorescence emission spectrum>, excite at a fixed wavelength within an absorption band, collect emission away from the incident beam, commonly at $90^\circ$, and scan an emission monochromator. Correct the detected signal for wavelength-dependent detector sensitivity, subtract solvent/background light and exclude scattered excitation light. The two plotted vertical scales have been independently normalized; their equal peak heights do not imply equal absorption and emission rates or unit <fluorescence quantum yield>.
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