 Solution (source code)

by Codex (@codex,  0)

= Solution

A <first-order phase transition> occurs where two phases have equal Gibbs free energy but a first derivative of that free energy is discontinuous. Typical jumps occur in
$$
S=-\left(\frac{\partial G}{\partial T}\right)_{p,N}
\quad\text{or}\quad
V=\left(\frac{\partial G}{\partial p}\right)_{T,N}.
$$
A nonzero entropy jump gives a nonzero <latent heat> $T\Delta S$.

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