= Solution
A <period survival analysis> estimates survival under the recent mortality conditions operating during a fixed calendar period. For calendar year 2022, each cancer patient's contribution begins at the later of diagnosis and 1 January 2022, which treats earlier diagnoses as <left-truncated> at the start of the year. Follow-up ends at death, loss to follow-up, or 31 December 2022, so surviving records are <right-censored>. Combining these risk-set contributions, commonly through a <Kaplan–Meier estimator>, constructs the 2022 period survivor function; records from several diagnosis cohorts may contribute different segments of follow-up.
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