= Solution
<Frictional electricity> and <voltaic electricity> name different methods of producing electrical effects. Their identity is supported by showing common kinds of response and quantitative continuity between them, rather than merely observing that both can give a sensation.
Charges from either source show the same attraction and repulsion, can charge a conductor or capacitor, and can discharge through a circuit. A current from either source can generate a <magnetic field>, produce resistive heating, and cause appropriate <electrolysis>. Reversing the sign or current direction reverses the corresponding directional effects. Different observed strengths need not imply different electrical substances.
<Michael Faraday> carried out a <comparison of common and voltaic electricity>. In a specific magnetic test, he discharged a machine-charged jar battery through a galvanometer, using a wet thread in the discharge path; the needle's deflection connected ordinary static charge with a current's magnetic action. He also compared common and voltaic electricity quantitatively.<Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 by Michael Faraday>[Third Series, §§7–8; paragraph 296 for the galvanometer arrangement and paragraphs 361–378 for quantitative comparison]{ref}
The modern distinction is mainly in the source characteristics. A friction machine commonly supplies a small charge at high <electric potential difference>, while a chemical cell can sustain a much larger continuing <electric current> at a lower voltage. An insulating gap or a poorly conducting path can therefore affect the demonstrations differently. Once charge passes through a specified circuit, its electric and magnetic action is not determined by whether mechanical rubbing or a chemical reaction originally supplied the energy.
For a specified electrode reaction with controlled current efficiency, <Faraday's laws of electrolysis> express the quantitative relation
$$
\boxed{m=\frac{M}{zF}\,Q,\qquad Q=\int I\,dt.}
$$
Here $M$ is the product's molar mass, $z$ the electrons per reaction unit and $F$ the Faraday constant. Equal transferred charges give equal reaction equivalents under those conditions. Charge, voltage and current must be distinguished: equal voltages alone do not imply equal delivered quantities of electricity.
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