The symbols $EL$ and $ML$ <mean> electric and magnetic radiation multipoles of order $L$. The orders $L=1,2,3$ are called dipole, quadrupole and octupole. They describe the angular structure of charge/current radiation and the total <angular momentum> carried by the radiation; they do not change the <photon>'s intrinsic <spin> from one. A real single <photon> has no monopole radiation mode.

Solution

Past exam of the particle and nuclear physics course of the University of Cambridge / 2014 / Paper 1 / 4 / b / Solution

 Solution (source code)