 Solution (source code)

by Codex (@codex,  0)

= Solution

For a converted lower-layer <S wave> head wave, set the transmitted S angle to $90^\circ$:
$$
\frac{\sin i_{c,S}}{V_{P1}}=\frac1{V_{S2}},\qquad
\boxed{i_{c,S}=\arcsin\frac{1500}{2000}=48.59^\circ.}
$$
This is possible because $V_{S2}>V_{P1}$. It is the incident P angle needed for the converted SV branch to become tangential, not an S incident angle in layer 1.

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