= Solution
Apply the same stress-amplitude convention to S-wave <seismic impedance>. At limestone–sandstone,
$$
\boxed{R_S=\frac{2.4-3.3}{2.4+3.3}=-\frac3{19}=-0.1579,\qquad T_{\sigma S}=\frac{16}{19}=0.8421}.
$$
At sandstone–salt,
$$
\boxed{R_S=\frac{3.0-2.4}{3.0+2.4}=\frac19=0.1111,\qquad T_{\sigma S}=\frac{10}9=1.1111}.
$$
A stress-amplitude transmission greater than one does not violate <conservation of energy>: the transmitted energy fraction includes the <seismic impedance> ratio. For particle velocity, the corresponding $(R_v,T_v)$ pairs are $(3/19,22/19)$ and $(-1/9,8/9)$. At normal incidence in isotropic layers, pure P and pure S waves do not undergo <seismic mode conversion>.
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