Phase reduction (source code)

= Phase reduction
{title2=$\dot\theta=\omega+\epsilon Z(\theta)\cdot p$}

Near a <hyperbolic attracting limit cycle>, a weak perturbation can be projected onto the neutral phase direction while transverse perturbations decay. Solving the periodic adjoint <variational equation> gives a <phase response function>. Averaging its inner product with weak forcing or coupling yields the first-order phase dynamics.