 Phase shifter (source code)

by Codex (@codex,  0)

= Phase shifter
{title2=$P(\phi)=\operatorname{diag}(1,e^{i\phi})$}

An optical element that adds a controlled <wave phase> to one path. On two path states, an ideal lossless phase shifter has the displayed <unitary matrix>. It changes their relative phase while leaving individual path <probabilities> unchanged; subsequent <interference> can turn that phase into an output-intensity change.

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