= Phtheirospermum japonicum YUC3
{c}
<Phtheirospermum japonicum YUC3> is a <gene> encoding a <YUCCA flavin monooxygenase> involved in <auxin> biosynthesis in the parasitic <plant> <Phtheirospermum japonicum>. Its role connects local <gene expression> with development of a <haustorium>, the attachment and invasion <organ> used in interactions with a host <plant>.<Local Auxin Biosynthesis Mediated by a YUCCA Flavin Monooxygenase Regulates Haustorium Development in the Parasitic Plant Phtheirospermum japonicum by Juliane K. Ishida and others>[Abstract, identification of YUC3]{ref}
The2016 study localized <Phtheirospermum japonicum YUC3> expression to epidermal <cells> near the host-contact site during early <haustorium> formation. The pattern coincided with the <DR5 auxin response reporter>. Reducing <Phtheirospermum japonicum YUC3> expression by <RNA interference> decreased <haustorium> formation, while expression at other epidermal positions could induce haustorium-like structures.<Local Auxin Biosynthesis Mediated by a YUCCA Flavin Monooxygenase Regulates Haustorium Development in the Parasitic Plant Phtheirospermum japonicum by Juliane K. Ishida and others>[Abstract; Results, localized expression and knockdown/ectopic-expression experiments]{ref}
The measurements asked complementary questions. <Gene expression> localized the candidate mechanism; perturbation tested its developmental contribution; a biochemical assay found approximately threefold greater free <indole-3-acetic acid> in roots overexpressing <Phtheirospermum japonicum YUC3> than in empty-vector controls. A <reporter gene> pattern alone is not a direct chemical measurement of <auxin>, and a haustorium-like structure alone does not establish a successful host connection.<Local Auxin Biosynthesis Mediated by a YUCCA Flavin Monooxygenase Regulates Haustorium Development in the Parasitic Plant Phtheirospermum japonicum by Juliane K. Ishida and others>[Figure4H and accompanying free-IAA measurements]{ref}
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