Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2001 iii Paper 14 1 b Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-14
Blow up the distinct singular points of the integral projective curve, once at each original point, and let be its strict transform of an algebraic subvariety. Write for the pullback of a projective line and for the algebraic exceptional divisors. The multiplicity of a plane curve at a point and the intersection formula for blowing up a surface giveThe canonical divisor formula for a surface blowup gives . Applying the arithmetic adjunction formula on a smooth surface, rather than a formula requiring a smooth strict transform, yieldsand henceThe strict transform of an algebraic subvariety is still an integral projective curve. Its arithmetic genus is , even if some singularities remain. Therefore the plane curve singularity multiplicity bound isThe argument uses only one blowup of a smooth algebraic surface at each original singular point; it does not assume these blowups resolve every singularity.