Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2001 iii Paper 43 5 e Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-14
The room's nearly motionless upper reservoir has interface . A doorway roof at height has available light-layer head . Evaluate the Bernoulli equation in the room and at a freely controlled doorway: upstream and at its critical section. Therefore andThis is the ideal broad-crested weir law, not a small-orifice law with . A nonideal doorway would require its own measured loss correction.
When the floor heat source is on, volume conservation and buoyancy flux conservation still give and . Combine these with the doorway relation to obtain the plume-fed doorway ventilation equilibrium:There is one interface-height root in the indicated interval. The result is physically appropriate only if its upper outflow is thin enough for the one-layer doorway model to remain valid.
If , air in the volume above the doorway is part of the upper thermal reservoir and can store heat and alter transients. But its extra depth does not add available head at the doorway: only enters the critical condition. In the steady ideal well-mixed model it shares the same density as the outflow. Treating the whole as the doorway head would overestimate discharge.