Positive weights of Gaussian quadrature (source code)

= Positive weights of Gaussian quadrature
{title2=$A_j=\int\ell_j^2>0$}

For an $n$-node <Gaussian quadrature> rule exact through degree $2n-1$, the cardinal <Lagrange interpolation polynomial> $\ell_j$ has square of degree $2n-2$. Exactness gives $A_j=\int\ell_j^2>0$ for a positive integration weight. This proof turns <polynomial> exactness directly into positivity.