Potential-vorticity mixing over a finite bottom slope (source code)

= Potential-vorticity mixing over a finite bottom slope
{title2=$\Delta Q=-Sy\,\mathbf1_{\{|y|<a\}},\quad S=f\epsilon/H$}

Homogenizing the <potential vorticity> over a finite constant bottom slope creates the odd anomaly displayed here while leaving the exterior unchanged. Inverting $(\partial_y^2-L_R^{-2})\psi=\Delta Q$ with decay at both infinities and matching $\psi,\psi_y$ gives a central return current and flanking jets. The <deformation radius> sets the smoothing length. For $L_R\ll a$, the central surface follows the bottom slope to leading order, but edge corrections and decaying exterior flow are essential.