= Quantum-dot versus antidot resonance topology
A <quantum dot> is an electron-confining potential well, whereas an <antidot> is a depleted potential hill. At the same <magnetic field>, their closed guiding-centre drift has opposite circulation. A series dot needs transmission through two barriers; a side-coupled <antidot> can connect already propagating <quantum Hall edge states> and induce backscattering. Both can have discrete energies and charging effects, but a <electrical conductance> peak or dip depends on lead connectivity rather than solely on the existence of a closed orbit.
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