Quark (source code)
= Quark
{wiki}
A quark is a <spin one-half> <fermion> carrying <color charge> and participating in <quantum chromodynamics>. There are six <quark flavors>: <up quark>, <down quark>, <strange quark>, <charm quark>, <bottom quark> and <top quark>. Up-type flavors have <electric charge> $+2e/3$ and down-type flavors $-e/3$; every quark has <baryon number> $1/3$.<Quark Model in the 2024 Review of Particle Physics>[§15.2 and Table 15.1: spin, charge and flavor quantum numbers]{ref}
<Confinement> prevents ordinary isolated quark final states. A <proton> has net valence content $uud$, and a <neutron> $udd$; their <quark> and <gluon> fields also contain additional fluctuations. A <meson> has minimal valence content consisting of one <quark> and one <antiquark>. <Deep inelastic scattering> tests quark structure through short-distance interactions, while hadron <spectroscopy> tests the allowed collective <quantum states>.
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