Lognormal magnetic-field amplification 2026-10-14
Set and in the radial magnetic-field Fokker-Planck equation. Then , so is a Gaussian distribution drifting at speed . For initial magnitude , . This lognormal distribution has moments ; the width of its logarithm grows as .
Magnetic stretching moment growth 2026-10-14
Twice integrating the radial magnetic-field Fokker-Planck equation by parts gives the displayed law when moments and endpoint terms are controlled. In particular grows at rate , with . The corresponding magnetic energy density is in Gaussian units.
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2005 iii Paper 75 3 2 Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-14
For isotropic initial statistics, isotropic noise preserves . Isotropy of the noise alone does not turn an arbitrary anisotropic initial vector distribution into an isotropic one; alternatively take the angularly averaged magnitude distribution. The radial gradient satisfies , so the diffusion-vector contraction in the preceding equation is . Its divergence givesNow is the magnitude probability density function, normalized by . Sincewe obtain the radial magnetic-field Fokker-Planck equationThe outward Fokker-Planck probability current is . Zero probability flux at zero and infinity preserves normalization. For positive initial magnitude the solution below remains on ; an atom initially at instead remains an absorbing zero-field component.