= Repeated kicks from a circular optical trap
{title2=$f_p=f_T\Delta x/(L+\Delta x)$}
For a passing <optical trap> on a circle of circumference $L$ with nonoverlapping support, a particle that is stationary between encounters receives displacement $\Delta x$ in each encounter. The trap revolution <frequency> $f_T$ and particle revolution <frequency> obey $Lf_p=\Delta x(f_T-f_p)$. This corrects the naive independent-kick estimate when the particle motion changes the encounter rate.
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