Riesz projection
= Riesz projection
{c}
{wiki}
For a spectral subset isolated by a contour $\Gamma$ in the resolvent set,
$$
P_\Gamma=\frac1{2\pi i}\int_\Gamma(zI-A)^{-1}\,dz
$$
projects onto its spectral subspace. Norm-small perturbations preserve the rank of this projection.