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One possibility is increased recognition and care seeking: consultation may make caregivers more alert to minor injuries or more inclined to seek professional care, increasing recorded attendance without increasing injury frequency. This is the distinction in care-seeking effects on a recorded injury outcome.

A second possibility is reduced vigilance or greater exposure after feeling protected: reliance on supplied equipment may lead caregivers to relax other precautions. This is risk compensation in a prevention trial. Both are hypotheses to investigate; an elevated attendance incidence rate ratio does not establish which mechanism occurred.