= Robert Brout
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{tag=Physicist}
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<Robert Brout> and <François Englert> showed how <gauge bosons> can acquire <mass> in a theory with <spontaneous symmetry breaking>. Their 1964 analysis couples a degenerate-vacuum matter system to a <gauge field>. The resulting excitation spectrum can contain massive vector particles rather than the massless scalar modes expected for an ungauged broken symmetry. This supplied a mechanism for relating interaction symmetry to particle <mass>, an essential ingredient of the later electroweak theory.<Broken Symmetry and the Mass of Gauge Vector Mesons by François Englert and Robert Brout>[1964 original paper, gauge coupling and massive-vector spectrum]{ref}
A <physicist> who developed theoretical physics research at Université libre de Bruxelles.<Professional profile of Robert Brout (actus.ulb.be)>[Independent professional identity]{ref}
\Image[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Robert_Brout.jpg?width=260]
{title=Portrait of <Robert Brout>}
{description=Pnicolet at the English Wikipedia; image provided by Robert Brout on 20 August 2007. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/[CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons.}
{source=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Robert_Brout.jpg}
{width=260}
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