Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2014 iii Paper 17 4 c Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-06
To prove (a) implies (c), shrink to a contractible coordinate neighborhood. The real Poincare lemma gives a real one-form with . Write . Because has type , and . The Dolbeault-Poincaré lemma supplies a smooth function with . Reality of gives . ThusTaking the real function gives the local real potential for a closed (1,1)-form. Conversely, , by and anticommutation. Hence (a) and (c) are equivalent, completing all three conditions.
For the unheaded radial continuation, take the real potential as in (c). Rotation invariance makes constant on every circle of radius , sois well defined and smooth by composition. This avoids treating a smooth function as if it had a convergent Taylor series. At nonzero , put . The identities and giveLet , which is smooth on the whole plane. ThenAt the origin, rotation invariance gives the finite Taylor expansion , with . Alternatively continuity of directly givesThe metric is positive away from the origin exactly when for all finite , and it is positive at the origin exactly when this limit is positive. Smoothness at the origin is already supplied by the original smooth potential. Consequently the positivity criterion for a radial Kähler potential isClosedness is automatic from the potential, and positivity completes the Kähler condition. No completeness of this metric is asserted. The rotation-invariant Kähler potential on the complex plane is understood as real; if a complex radial potential is initially allowed with real , its smooth radial imaginary part is harmonic and hence constant, so that constant can be removed.