= Rudolf Peierls
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{tag=Physicist}
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<Rudolf Peierls> introduced an argument explaining how a two-dimensional <Ising model> can sustain magnetic order at low <temperature>. A reversed island of <spins> has a boundary whose <energy> cost grows with its length. The number of possible boundaries also grows, but sufficiently low <temperature> suppresses their Boltzmann weights strongly enough for order to survive. The <Peierls argument> makes the competition between <energy> and the number of fluctuations explicit, helping explain why dimensionality changes collective magnetic behavior.<On Ising's model of ferromagnetism by Rudolf Peierls>[Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 32, 477–481 (1936), low-temperature contour argument]{ref}
A <physicist> associated with the <Peierls transition> and the <Peierls argument>.
\Image[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Peierls%2CRudolf%201937.jpg?width=250]
{title=Portrait of <Rudolf Peierls>}
{description=GFHund; photograph from Friedrich Hund's estate, prepared by Gerhard Hund. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/[CC BY 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons.}
{source=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peierls%2CRudolf_1937.jpg}
{width=250}
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