= Samuel J. Sober
{c}
<Samuel J. Sober> is a researcher in <motor learning> and the control of skilled movement. His laboratory combines recordings from <neurons> and <muscles>, behavioral experiments and computational analysis to investigate how the <nervous system> produces and adjusts movement. These approaches connect an animal's observable performance with candidate mechanisms for controlling it.<Research overview of the Sober Lab>[Lab-authored research overview: recordings, behavioral manipulations and sensory feedback]{ref}
With <Michael S. Brainard>, <Samuel J. Sober> tested whether adult birds continually correct vocal errors. A <microphone> captured <Bengalese finch> song and processing equipment altered its <pitch> before playing it through <headphones>. Compensatory changes in the birds' <pitch> showed adjustment to a measurable error in <auditory feedback>. Unlike deafening alone, this manipulation supplied an error that a change in behavior could reduce.<Adult birdsong is actively maintained by error correction by Samuel J. Sober and Michael S. Brainard>[Introduction and Figure 1: correctable feedback perturbations; Nature Neuroscience 12, 927–931, 2009]{ref}
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