Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2008 iii Paper 21 2 ii Solution 2026-10-14
Parametrize the line as and set , a polynomial of degree at most three. The Jacobian criterion at a singular point of a hypersurface gives vanishing of its equation and all first derivatives. ConsequentlyThus and both divide . They are coprime in every characteristic, so their degree-four product divides a polynomial of degree at most three. It follows that , provingThis is the secant line through singular points of a cubic hypersurface argument. If the given defining polynomial has repeated factors, use its square-free part for the reduced variety's Jacobian criterion: vanishing of that polynomial and its gradient at a singular point implies vanishing of the original polynomial's gradient there as well, by the product rule. The same restriction argument therefore still applies.