= SH input impedance
{c}
{title2=$Z=-T/V$}
The <SH input impedance> is the negative ratio of vertical <traction> to particle <velocity> for a <shear-horizontal wave> field, with positive depth and tension-positive <traction>. A superposition of upward and downward waves generally has a depth-dependent complex ratio. A downward progressive wave in a uniform medium has $Z=\mu p_\beta$, while the upward wave has $Z=-\mu p_\beta$. The input ratio includes reflection from deeper structure and can have poles at <velocity> nodes.
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