= Solvent-specific stabilization
<Solvent-specific stabilization> means that the same species need not have the same <solvation free energy> in different <solvents>. <Chemical polarity>, <hydrogen bonds>, and the cost of reorganizing each <solvent> all matter. <Water> can stabilize <ions> by <ion-dipole attractions>; a favorable isolated attraction alone still cannot decide the total <dissolution> balance.<IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (Gold Book) by International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry/solvation energy>{ref}
With a common gaseous reference and compatible dissolved <standard states>, subtraction removes that reference:
$$
\Delta G_{\mathrm{transfer}}^{\circ}(A\to B)
=\mu_X^{\circ}(B)-\mu_X^{\circ}(A)
=\Delta G_{\mathrm{solv}}^{\circ}(B)-\Delta G_{\mathrm{solv}}^{\circ}(A).
$$
A negative result favors <solvent> B under those reference conventions. This comparison assumes the same species $X$: if <protonation>, <ionization>, or formation of <ion pairs> changes its identity, include a <chemical equilibrium> for each corresponding <chemical reaction>.
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