= Stokes Raman scattering
{c}
{title2=$\nu_s=\nu_0-\nu_v$}
In <Stokes Raman scattering>, matter gains internal <energy> and the <photon> loses the same amount. For a <quantum harmonic oscillator> representing one <molecular vibration>, $E_v=h\nu_v(v+1/2)$ with $v=0,1,\ldots$. The transition $v\to v+1$ gives $\nu_s=\nu_0-\nu_v$, requiring $\nu_0>\nu_v$ for an outgoing <photon>. Even a molecule initially in its vibrational <ground state> can undergo this process. The shared name does not turn it into the absorption/emission-band <Stokes shift> used for <fluorescence>.
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