Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2008 ii Paper 4 38B Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-10-14
Take a horizontally polarized shear displacement , with and . In the layer put and in the half-space put . The required inequality makes both positive. The shear-wave equations givewhere the first form satisfies zero traction at and the second decays as . Displacement and traction continuity at zero give and . Hence the Love wave dispersion relation isThe left-hand square root uses the layer speed , as in the original PDF; the TeX aid incorrectly omits its bar there.
Let and . The allowed interval is , and the right side becomesa positive strictly decreasing function from infinity to zero. On each positive branch of beginning at , the left side is strictly increasing from zero to infinity, or to a positive endpoint value if comes first. There is exactly one intersection on that branch whenever . The fundamental branch thus supplies a real solution for every positive .
The second branch exists precisely when . Thus the strict cutoff of the second Love-wave mode isAt equality the second solution would have , zero half-space decay exponent, and fails the required disturbance decay. Consequently the cutoff is the infimum, rather than an attained smallest value, under the printed strict speed inequality. Also itself is a limiting case, not a trapped propagating mode; the “any value” assertion is valid for positive .