Keisler extension property Created 2026-09-28 Updated 2026-10-06
An inaccessible cardinal has the Keisler extension property when there is a proper transitive set for which
Such a is not the least inaccessible cardinal: regards as inaccessible, elementarity reflects the existence of an inaccessible into , and strong-inaccessibility absoluteness from rank agreement makes the resulting witness genuinely inaccessible below .
Let be ZFC together with the assertion of unboundedly many inaccessible cardinals. Given a model of , if it has no inaccessible limit of inaccessibles, it already witnesses the required nonimplication. Otherwise let be its least inaccessible limit of inaccessibles and pass to its rank segment .
Because is an inaccessible cardinal, satisfies ZFC. Its ordinals are precisely those below , and below the inaccessible cardinals are unbounded by the choice of . Inaccessibility of any smaller ordinal is absolute to this segment: it has the same subsets and functions on all smaller ordinals, as in strong-inaccessibility absoluteness from rank agreement. Thus satisfies the unbounded-inaccessibles assertion.
No smaller ordinal can be an inaccessible limit of inaccessibles, by minimality of and the same absoluteness. Also is not an ordinal of itself. Consequently
This rank cutoff at the first inaccessible limit of inaccessibles proves . The soundness theorem for first-order logic then gives if is consistent. This is a model-theoretic relative-consistency argument, and does not infer external transitivity from mere consistency.