= Superconducting fluctuation
A <superconducting fluctuation> is a variation of the superconducting <order parameter> about its mean value. Near a transition, transient pairing correlations can influence transport or magnetic response even when long-range phase-coherent <superconductivity> is absent.
This makes it necessary to distinguish a local pairing tendency from a fully established zero-resistance state. The strength and extent of fluctuation effects depend on dimensionality, disorder and the distance from the transition. A measured excess conductivity needs comparison with the normal-state background and alternative mechanisms.<Fluctuoscopy of Superconductors by Andrey A. Varlamov>[fluctuation contributions and diagnostics]{ref}
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