Nobel Prize in Physics in 1978 2026-10-18
One half went to Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitza for inventions and discoveries in low-temperature physics. Arno Allan Penzias and Robert Woodrow Wilson received one quarter each for discovering the cosmic microwave background.[ref]
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1978 by Nobel Prize Outreach. Individual official summary: Kapitza one-half for low-temperature work; Penzias and Wilson one-quarter each for cosmic microwave background discovery.